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Your adjusted net income is used to calculate whether you are liable for the high income child benefit charge. From April the 6th, if the highest earner in your household is earning between £60,000 and £80,000 a year after pension contributions, you may want to consider putting extra money in your pension to reduce the benefit charge that you will have to pay. Over the course of the year, you will still end up slightly worse off in terms of money in your pocket, but depending on your income and the number of children you have, it is a very tax efficient method of adding to your pension.
For those with two children, your marginal tax rate is about 50%, meaning for every £1000 you add to your pension, you will only feel about £500 worse off. The more children you have, the more effective this is.
With the cost of living crisis, it may be that increased pension contributions are just not possible for you right now, even if they are very tax efficient. Here at Milk&Money, we are passionate about helping people save for their futures, but we also understand that it may just not be possible for you right now.
The high income child benefit charge is advertised as hitting those households where the highest earner is earning £60,000 per year, despite the fact that even with pension contributions of just 1%, your adjusted net income would already be £600 lower, leading to an adjusted net income of £59,400. The average pension contribution is higher than this. If you make contributions of more like 5%, then you won't be liable for the high income child benefit charge until an income of £63,200 or so.
Many people have a rough idea of what Income Tax rates are, and where the bands for the different rates are, but fewer people understand what a marignal tax rate is. If you get a pay rise of £1,000 and your income was £65,000 per year, you may expect to see £600 after the higher rate income tax is applied, but this ignores national insurance, student loan repayments (if you have them) and the higher income child benefit charge.
The more children you have, the higher your child benefit is, so the bigger the reduction in your income for every £1,000 you earn more than an adjusted net income of £60,000. This means that for someone with student loan repayments and three children, they will probably see less than £320 of that £1,000 pay rise. By paying some of that pay rise directly into your pension, your income tax and child benefit charge will be reduced (and potentially your national insurance, depending on your pension scheme), and you'll have a bigger pension pot for your retirement!
You can take money out of some pensions before pensionable age, but you will generally face tax charges for doing so. At Milk&Money we hope to expand into helping you to understand your pensions better, but for now, check with your employer, pension provider or financial advisor/accountant about locking away extra money in your pension. It's best to view pension money as locked away completely for your future.
Every employer and their pension schemes are different, so check with your employer, but many will match pension contributions up to a certain amount. If you weren't already contributing that amount,
The numbers calculated here are estimates based on the UK government's tax rules as they apply to England. Your pension contributions will vary depending on how your employer calculates everything, so always check with your company about what your payslip would look like after increasing your contributions. All numbers here are estimates and your actual amounts may vary when you come to doing your self-assessment.
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